何紹基《臨漢碑》欣賞

2016-12-11 08:01

來(lái)源:大西北網(wǎng)-科技鑫報(bào) 作者: 點(diǎn)擊:次

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何紹基（1799-1873），字子貞，號(hào)東洲。世傳其雙臂過(guò)膝，故又自號(hào)蝯（猿）叟，湖南道州人。道光丙申（1836）年進(jìn)士。綬編修，充武英殿國(guó)史館協(xié)修、總纂，官至四川學(xué)政。為晚清書(shū)壇極具個(gè)性和饒有影響的大書(shū)家。

何氏是一位天才加勤奮的書(shū)家，其楷行宗師顏真卿，千載下，習(xí)顏而具鮮明個(gè)性者當(dāng)以何氏為首選?？胺Q是活學(xué)活用顏氏書(shū)風(fēng)的佼佼者。以筆者考察，何氏習(xí)顏而饒別趣，此別趣正與宋人溫革之書(shū)風(fēng)暗合，然溫革字，世所罕睹，益成全了何氏書(shū)風(fēng)名蜚四海。嚴(yán)格地說(shuō)，作為官員的他，書(shū)藝非其余事，而是他生命的一部分，是他一輩子都借以風(fēng)光與自豪的所在。他花甲前書(shū)作多以楷行行世，沉雄峭拔，精力酣足是其獨(dú)具的特色。不滿足于既得，是何氏書(shū)藝獲得大成的動(dòng)力，據(jù)其文孫何維樸稱：“咸豐戊午（1858），先大父年六十，在濟(jì)南濼源書(shū)院，始專習(xí)八分書(shū)，東京諸碑次第臨寫，自立課程，庚申（1860）歸湘，主講城南，隸課仍無(wú)間斷，而于《禮器》《張遷》兩碑用功尤深，各臨百通。”真實(shí)地描述了何氏晚年臨習(xí)隸篆之勤，雖是“臨”,而細(xì)讀其晚歲所臨漢碑，他并非表面化地臨其形，而是以形攫神，形遠(yuǎn)旨近，是一種智慧的饒有創(chuàng)意的“臨”,故而“臨”出的漢隸與古篆，都鈐有何氏古拙生澀的獨(dú)特印記。由先前的享大名于行楷，更享大名于篆隸，得一望二，循序漸進(jìn)，是值得急于求成者從中獲得啟迪的。

何氏的隸書(shū)，謂之為“臨”,實(shí)為托古求新。在何氏稍前的隸篆大家中，鄧石如以雄遒豪邁勝，伊秉綬以堂皇莊嚴(yán)勝，何紹基則避同求異，表現(xiàn)為凝結(jié)澀拙，在結(jié)字和氣格上朝先賢忽視的生拙方向作了有力而有效的探索，對(duì)后世很有示范的意義。尤其是在用筆上，他深諳顏真卿“屋漏痕”的真諦，書(shū)寫點(diǎn)畫，強(qiáng)調(diào)積點(diǎn)成線，力透紙背，使篆隸書(shū)的點(diǎn)畫本身具有了更獨(dú)立的觀賞性和靈感，這不能不說(shuō)是何氏的一個(gè)貢獻(xiàn)。要之，鄧、伊、何三大家，樹(shù)立大旗，立三新面，流風(fēng)所至為嘉道以來(lái)篆隸書(shū)藝的百花齊放、推陳出新作出了本人也未嘗預(yù)知的奉獻(xiàn)。這勃興而卓著的隸（包括篆）書(shū)的成果，足以擠兌清代行楷藝術(shù)的式微。據(jù)微信杜思吾書(shū)畫工作室

(責(zé)任編輯：鄭文)

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